Julius CaesarEverything you need to know about Julius Caesar.
Marble bust of Julius Caesar, the Tusculum portrait type
The Tusculum portrait of Julius Caesar — the only surviving portrait type made during Caesar's lifetime (photo of the Turin original, public domain).

Julius Caesar

Gaius Julius Caesar (100–44 BC) — Roman general, statesman, and author whose conquest of Gaul, civil war against Pompey, dictatorship, and assassination on the Ides of March ended the Roman Republic. This is a neutral reference work: verified quotations only, dates labeled by certainty, and every page ends with its sources.

What this site is

A research-first reference on Caesar — not a fan page and not a debunking. The aim is the documented record: what Caesar wrote, what contemporaries and near-contemporaries reported, where the evidence is thin, and where legend has replaced history.

How to use it:

The short version

Caesar was born into an old but not especially powerful patrician family in 100 BC (the exact day is disputed). He climbed Rome’s political ladder — quaestor, aedile, praetor, consul — through a mix of talent, enormous debt-financed generosity, and alliance with Pompey and Crassus. As governor of Gaul (58–50 BC) he conquered the whole of Celtic Gaul, wrote the Commentarii de Bello Gallico partly as a dispatch home to Roman voters, and became the most famous general of his age.

When the Senate demanded he disband his army, he crossed the Rubicon in January 49 BC and marched on Rome, defeating Pompey in a four-year civil war. As dictator he reformed the calendar, the courts, debt, and citizenship — then, on 15 March 44 BC, a conspiracy of some sixty senators stabbed him to death at a Senate meeting. His heir Octavian (later Augustus) turned the aftermath into the Roman Empire, and made Caesar a god.

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